Research
Many in the field of RNA biology, including scientists on our campus, believe that life emerged from an RNA world in which RNA, instead of DNA, carried the genetic information and RNA, instead of proteins, catalyzed the biochemical reactions of life. In the course of molecular evolution, biological activity expanded to include DNA and proteins. For the past three decades, UC Santa Cruz researchers have been at the forefront of challenging conventional wisdom with innovative ideas and creative approaches.
With this alternative perspective, our scientists are driving a revolution in how we understand the complex functions of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Our RNA scientists were the first to determine the molecular structure of the ribosome, the macromolecular machine composed of RNA and proteins that is the engine of protein synthesis within our cells. The rich science of RNA is transforming how we understand life itself, and especially how disease is diagnosed, treated, and prevented — science the world witnessed in the rapid development of the revolutionary messenger RNA vaccines for the COVID-19 virus.
Areas of focus
RNA and disease
Many human diseases are caused by genetic defects in cellular RNAs or by RNA viruses. We are discovering RNA’s role in diseases such as myotonic dystrophy, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. We anticipate that the results of this research will lead to new targeted treatments.
RNA technologies for discovery
Nanopore sequencing technology invented at UC Santa Cruz is about to revolutionize the study of the function and fate of RNA in the cell. Nanopore detectors are built around a membrane containing a tiny pore called an ion channel, just big enough to allow a single strand of DNA or RNA to pass through, enabling sequencing devices that are fast, compact, and portable enough to be used on the International Space Station.
RNA and the human genome
While most of the human genome is transcribed into RNA, only a small amount of that codes for the proteins that carry out most activities in the life of the cell. What are the other biological roles of RNA in the genome? We believe the answers will be transformative in our understanding of human development and the origins of life.
Future RNA scientists
Our commitment to carrying forward what we learn includes the Undergraduate Biomedical Research Initiative, a donor-funded pilot program to engage 40 to 60 students in RNA-related research projects. The project is also developing internship partnerships with biotech companies.